Research Article

Numerical Modeling for Engineering Analysis and Designing of Optimum Support Systems for Headrace Tunnel

Table 1

Results of rock mass classification.

1. Rock mass rating (RMR)
Average values of input parameters of RMRUniaxial compressive strength (UCS)Rock quality designation (RQD)Discontinuities spacingDiscontinuities conditionGround water conditionDiscontinuities orientationRMR

Bore holeRock type
BH-1 at chainage 0 + 000 to 2 + 750Granite125.487%200 to 600 mmRough, hard filling < 5 mm, slightly weathered, persistent < 1 mm, and aperture < 0.1 mmDryVery favorable to fair75.67
Rating1217102515−3.33
BH-2Quartz mica schist54.1850%<60 mmRough to slightly rough, hard filling < 5 mm, unweathered, persistent 1–3 m to 3–10 m, and aperture 0.1 to 1 mmDryVery favorable to favorable59.00
Rating71352115−2
BH-3Calcareous quartzite106.780%60 to 200 mmRough to slightly rough, hard filling < 5 mm to hard, filling > 5 mm, slightly weathered, persistent < 1 mm, and aperture 0.1 mmDamp to dryVery favorable to favorable71.50
Rating121882312.5−2

2. Tunneling quality index (Q-system)
Average values of input parameters of RMRRock quality designation (RQD)Joints number (Jn)Joint roughness number (Jr)Joint alteration (Ja)Joint water reduction factor (Jw)Stress reduction factor (SRF)Q value

Bore holeRock type
BH-1 at chainage 0 + 000 to 2 + 750Granite88Three joint sets plus randomRough and irregular and undulatingOnly surface staining with unaffected joint wallsDry excavationLow stress to medium stress12.57
Rating88123111.75
BH-2Quartz schist50Two joint setsRough to slickensided undulatingUnaltered joint walls and surface staining onlyDry excavationLow stress to medium stress21.95
Rating5042.11111.23
BH-3Calcareous quartzite80One joint set plus randomRough and irregular and undulatingUnaltered joint walls to slightly altered joint walls having nonsoftening to silty- or sandy-clay coatingsDamp to dryLow stress to medium stress20.49
Rating803320.831.62