Effects of Spatially Varying Seismic Ground Motions and Incident Angles on Behavior of Long Tunnels

Table 4

Lateral maximum diameter strain rate of tunnel under multisupport seismic motion.

Incident angle	Z = 100 m	Z = 300 m	Z = 500 m	Z = 700 m	Z = 900 m
0°	0.022%	−0.045%	0.033%	0.035%	0.039%
30°	0.075%	−0.125%	−0.169%	−0.169%	−0.098%
45°	0.111%	−0.163%	−0.225%	−0.225%	−0.123%
60°	0.141%	−0.193%	−0.269%	−0.269%	−0.143%
90°	0.170%	−0.208%	−0.293	−0.293%	−0.155%