Deflection Mechanism and Treatment Technology of Permanent Derrick of Freeze Sinking on Deep Alluvium

Table 1

Internal friction angle and cohesive force before freezing and after thawing.

Soil type	Freezing and thawing	Internal friction angle (°)	Cohesive force (kPa)
Clayey soil	Before freezing	10	50
	After thawing	15	15
Sandy clay	Before freezing	18	20
	After thawing	20	10
Sandy soil	Before freezing	30	0
	After thawing	30	0