BIM Use by Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) Industry in Educational Facility Projects
Table 9
Relationship between the role of the respondent and the perceived value of BIM in different phases of the design and construction process∗.
Project phases
Specific project phases
Architects NA = 30 nA = 160
Site engineers NSE = 4 nSE = 15
Structural engineers NSTE = 11 nSTE = 44
MEP engineers NMEPE = 5 nMEPE = 34
Contractors NC = 15 nC = 78
Design
Predesign
9 (30%)
0 (0%)
1 (9%)
3 (60%)
4 (27%)
Schematic design
22 (73%)
2 (50%)
5 (45%)
4 (80%)
7 (47%)
Design development
23 (77%)
3 (75%)
8 (73%)
4 (80%)
10 (67%)
Construction documentation
23 (77%)
4 (100%)
9 (82%)
4 (80%)
12 (80%)
Construction
Bidding process
14 (47%)
0 (0%)
3 (27%)
3 (60%)
9 (60%)
Preconstruction
15 (50%)
2 (50%)
4 (36%)
4 (80%)
10 (67%)
Construction administration
19 (63%)
2 (50%)
6 (55%)
3 (60%)
11 (73%)
Fabrication
15 (50%)
1 (25%)
7 (64%)
4 (80%)
6 (40%)
Close-out/commissioning
8 (27%)
0 (0%)
0 (0%)
2 (40%)
5 (33%)
Operation and maintenance
Operation and maintenance
12 (40%)
1 (25%)
1 (9%)
3 (60%)
4 (27%)
Note.∗Select all that apply. Percent (%) = number of selections divided by number of respondents for a specific discipline. Total N = 65 and total n = 331.
