Frost Heave of Irrigation Canals in Seasonal Frozen Regions

Table 4

Characteristic indexes for heat and water migration for loess.

Indexes	Data
Specific heat, C (kJ/(kg·°C))
Frozen state	1.67
Thawed state	1.38
Heat conductivity, λ (W/(m·°C))
Frozen state	1.24
Thawed state	1.00
Permeability, K (10^−7 m/s)	6.12
Unfrozen water,
a (%/°C)	17.67
b	0.70