Numerical Simulation of Surface Subsidence and Backfill Material Movement Induced by Underground Mining

<div>Comparison of numerical results and site observation. (a) Before marble failure. (b) Toppling failure of hanging wall and induced tensile cracks. (c) Large surface subsidence and collapse pit.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 8

Figure 8: Numerical Simulation of Surface Subsidence and Backfill Material Movement Induced by Underground Mining 