Development of Debris Flow Impact Force Models Based on Flume Experiments for Design Criteria of Soil Erosion Control Dam

Table 3

Summary of the result of the comparison of velocity estimation models.

	Formula	Coefficient		RMSE	CV	Reference
		Notation (unit)	Value (mean ± standard error)
Newtonian laminar flow		μ (kg·m^−1·s^−2)	0.73 ± 0.03	1.32	0.50	[5]
Dilatant flow		ξ (m^−1/2·s^−1)	2044.80 ± 58.08	1.14	0.29	[5, 18]
Newtonian turbulent flow		n (m^−1/3·s)	0.0221 ± 0.0006	0.62	0.26	[5, 19]
Voellmy flow		C1 (m^−1/2·s^−1)	25.57 ± 0.46	0.56	0.18	[16]
This study		Ce (s^−1)	25.60 ± 0.31	0.37	0.12

The value of each coefficient is expressed as “mean ± standard error.” RMSE is the root mean square error and CV means the coefficient of variance.