Numerical Study and Field Monitoring of the Ground Deformation Induced by Large Slurry Shield Tunnelling in Sandy Cobble Ground

Table 3

Settlements of different subsurfaces during excavation.

	z = 0		z = 2.0 m		z = 6.4 m		z = 10.6 m		z = 12.8 m		z = 14.4 m
	Step 1
S1 (mm)	−1.18	−2.09	−0.62	−4.01	−0.42	−3.36	−0.26	−3.18	−0.15	−2.94	−0.06	−3.76
S1/S5 (%)	6.84	14.47	3.34	26.33	1.96	19.73	1.09	17.34	0.58	14.26	0.22	15.47
ΔS1 (mm)	−1.18	−2.09	−0.62	−4.01	−0.42	−3.36	−0.26	−3.18	−0.15	−2.94	−0.06	−3.76
ΔS1/S5 (%)	6.84	14.47	3.34	26.33	1.96	19.73	1.09	17.34	0.58	14.26	0.22	15.47
Step 2
S2 (mm)	−2.82	−5.80	−2.90	−5.59	−3.03	−4.84	−3.21	−5.81	−3.42	−6.80	−3.68	−7.55
S2/S5 (%)	16.35	40.17	15.60	36.70	14.13	28.42	13.43	31.68	13.23	32.99	13.21	31.07
ΔS2 (mm)	−1.64	−3.71	−2.28	−1.58	−2.61	−1.48	−2.95	−2.63	−3.27	−3.86	−3.62	−3.79
ΔS2/S5 (%)	9.51	25.69	12.26	10.37	12.17	8.69	12.34	14.34	12.64	18.73	12.99	15.60
Step 3
S3 (mm)	−8.73	−10.93	−9.49	−10.82	−11.24	−12.27	−12.97	−16.30	−14.40	−17.67	−15.80	−18.99
S3/S5 (%)	50.61	75.69	51.05	71.04	52.43	72.05	54.27	88.88	55.68	85.74	56.71	78.15
ΔS3 (mm)	−5.91	−5.13	−6.59	−5.23	−8.21	−7.43	−9.76	−10.49	−10.98	−10.87	−12.12	−11.44
ΔS3/S5 (%)	34.26	35.53	35.45	34.34	38.29	43.63	40.84	57.20	42.46	52.74	43.50	47.08
Step 4
S4 (mm)	−15.09	−12.75	−15.21	−13.13	−18.30	−14.14	−21.12	−17.31	−23.44	−19.98	−25.63	−22.31
S4/S5 (%)	87.48	88.30	81.82	86.21	85.35	83.03	88.37	94.38	90.64	96.94	92.00	91.81
ΔS4 (mm)	−6.36	−1.82	−5.72	−2.31	−7.06	−1.87	−8.15	−1.01	−9.04	−2.31	−9.83	−3.32
ΔS4/S5 (%)	36.87	12.60	30.77	15.17	32.93	10.98	34.10	5.51	34.96	11.21	35.28	13.66
Step 5
S5 (mm)	−17.25	−14.44	−18.59	−15.23	−21.44	−17.03	−23.90	−18.34	−25.86	−20.61	−27.86	−24.30
S5/S5 (%)	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
ΔS5 (mm)	−2.16	−1.69	−3.38	−2.1	−3.14	−2.89	−2.78	−1.03	−2.42	−0.63	−2.23	−1.99
ΔS5/S5 (%)	12.52	11.70	18.18	13.79	14.65	16.97	11.63	5.62	9.36	3.06	8.00	8.19

is short for the numerical result; is short for the monitoring result.