Optimization for U-Shaped Steel Support in Deep Tunnels under Coupled Static-Dynamic Loading

Figure 10

Various factors and contact area ratio for the deformation: (a) 1/4; (b) 1/3; (c) 1/2; (d) 2/3; (e) 3/4; (f) 1/1. The black curve represents the distance of 0.5 m; the red curve, the distance of 1.0 m; the blue curve, the distance of 1.5 m; the pink curve, the distance of 2.0 m; the green curve, the distance of 2.5 m.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)