Effect of Flexibility Ratio on Seismic Response of Cut-and-Cover Box Tunnel

Table 3

Study matrix representing the properties of tunnel structure used in this study.

Structure	Thickness (m)	Young’s modulus (kPa)	Racking stiffness (kN/m/m)	Remarks
Stiff	1.5	3.93E + 07	233,395
Baseline	0.8	2.5E + 07	25,842	Centrifuge
Flexible	0.4	2.35E + 07	3,263