Effects of Particle Shapes and Sizes on the Minimum Void Ratios of Sand

Table 6

Descriptions of the alternative materials.

Particle label	Particle shape	Particle size	Particle photograph	Sphericity
B1	Ball	ø 3 mm		0.898
B2	Ball	ø 2.1 mm		0.887
B3	Ball	ø 1.5 mm		0.880
B4	Ball	ø 0.9 mm		0.884
C1	Cylinder	ø 3 mm, h = 2 mm		0.635
C2	Cylinder	ø 2.1 mm, h = 1.4 mm		0.628
C3	Cylinder	ø 1.5 mm, h = 1 mm		0.622
C4	Cylinder	ø 0.9 mm, h = 0.6 mm		0.619