Crack Initiation, Propagation, and Failure Characteristics of Jointed Rock or Rock-Like Specimens: A Review
Figure 35
Comparison of crack growth paths in the sandstone samples containing three preexisting flaws with the different ligament angle obtained from the proposed numerical method and the previous experimental results [29]. (a) 75°. (b) 90°. (c) 105°. (d) 120° [189].