Crack Initiation, Propagation, and Failure Characteristics of Jointed Rock or Rock-Like Specimens: A Review

Table 1

Major materials for the specimen in testing the failure behavior of jointed rocks.

Specimen material			Fissure type	References
Natural rocks		Granite	Open	Lee and Jeon [17]; Morgan et al. [25]; Yin et al. [26]; Yin et al. [27];
		Sandstone	Open	Yang [18, 28–31]; Petit and Barquins [32]; Lu et al. [33]; Wang et al. [34]; Wei [35–37]; Fan [38]
			Closed	Da Huang et al. [39];
		Marble	Open	Li et al. [40]; Brooks et al. [41]; Yang et al. [42]; Wong and Einstein [15, 16, 43]; Cheng et al. [44]; Chen et al. [45]; Wong RHC et al. [46]; Ferrero et al. [47]; Xeidakis et al. [48]; Migliazza et al. [49]
		Diastone	Open	Lee and Jeon [17]
		Opalinus shale	Open	Morgan and Einstein [50]
		Limestone	Open	Ingraffea and Heuze [51]
Cement mortar			Open	Prudencio and Jan [52]; Cao et al. [19]; Cao et al. [53, 54]; Liu [55]; Feng [56, 57]; Zhao et al. [58]; Jin et al. [59]; Omer [60, 61]; Hadi Haeri et al. [62]; Liu [63]; Huang et al. [64]; Jin [65]; Liu et al. [66]; Sarfarazi et al. [67]; Ghazvinian et al. [68]; Zhang et al. [69]
			Closed	Wasantha et al. [70]; Cao et al. [20, 71–74]; Zhang et al. [21]; Lin [75, 76]
Gypsum			Open	Bobet [77]; Bobet and Einstein [11]; Park and Bobet [23]; Sagong and Bobet [14, 78]; Shen [10]; Liu et al. [79]; Yang et al. [80]; Cheng et al. [81]; Zhou et al. [82]; Wong and Einstein [15, 16, 43]; Reyes and Einstein [13]; Gehle and Kutter [83]; Eleni and Theodoros [84]
			Closed	Park and Bobet [23, 85]; Shen [10]; Wong and Chou [22]; Kulatilake et al. [24]; Wong et al. [86]; Einstein and Jeng [87]; Chen et al. [88]
PMMA			Open	Lee and Jeon [17]; Huang and Wong [89, 90]; Canon [91]
Resin			Open	Dyskin et al. [92]; Sahouryeh et al. [93]; Guo et al. [94]
			Closed	Tang et al. [95]; Ju et al. [96]; Dyskin [92, 97]; Fu et al. [98]
Glass			Open	Bieniawski [99]; Hoek and Bieniawski [7]; Brace and Bombolakis [100];