Influence of Water Inrush from Excavation Surface on the Stress and Deformation of Tunnel-Forming Structure at the Launching-Arrival Stage of Subway Shield

<div>Equivalent refinement simulation model. (a) Critical section of the tunnel model under water inrush. (b) Section D of the stimulated model.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 5

Figure 5: Influence of Water Inrush from Excavation Surface on the Stress and Deformation of Tunnel-Forming Structure at the Launching-Arrival Stage of Subway Shield 

Figure 5 | Influence of Water Inrush from Excavation Surface on the Stress and Deformation of Tunnel-Forming Structure at the Launching-Arrival Stage of Subway Shield 