Influence of Water Inrush from Excavation Surface on the Stress and Deformation of Tunnel-Forming Structure at the Launching-Arrival Stage of Subway Shield

<div>Contact relationship between grouting layer, segment, and surrounding rock. (a) Segment lining model and (b) contact relationship.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 7

Figure 7: Influence of Water Inrush from Excavation Surface on the Stress and Deformation of Tunnel-Forming Structure at the Launching-Arrival Stage of Subway Shield 

Figure 7 | Influence of Water Inrush from Excavation Surface on the Stress and Deformation of Tunnel-Forming Structure at the Launching-Arrival Stage of Subway Shield 