Improved SDOF Approach to Incorporate the Effects of Axial Loads on the Dynamic Responses of Steel Columns Subjected to Blast Loads

<div>Effects of axial loads on the displacement responses of columns under various load conditions.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

Figure 12: Improved SDOF Approach to Incorporate the Effects of Axial Loads on the Dynamic Responses of Steel Columns Subjected to Blast Loads 