Ground Settlements due to Construction of Triplet Tunnels with Different Construction Arrangements

<div>(a) Twin tunnels (<i>u</i> = 0.55<i>D</i>) in horizontal configuration (dimensions in cm). (b) Settlement trough of horizontal twin tunnels. (c) Displacement contours of horizontal twin tunnels (<i>u</i> = 0.55<i>D</i>).</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 5

Figure 5: Ground Settlements due to Construction of Triplet Tunnels with Different Construction Arrangements 