Prediction of Response of Existing Building Piles to Adjacent Deep Excavation in Soft Clay

Table 2

Soil profiles and parameters of Fengqi Road excavation.

Layer number	Name of soil layer	h (m)	c (kPa)	φ (°)	Es (MPa)	Gs (MPa)	IP	IL	ν	r0 (m)	rm (m)	δ (°)	Rsf
1	Fill	4.5	10	12	2.66	4.09	—	—	0.3	0.5	21.23	30	0.9
2	Silty clay	2	21.5	11.3	3.8	5.85	15.7	0.51
3	Soft silty clay	7	13	9.5	2.6	4	14.1	0.97
4	Soft silty clay or silt	4.5	14	10	2.8	4.31	11.8	1.08
5	Soft silty clay	4	13	9	2.1	3.23	17.1	1.00
6	Silty clay	4.5	30	14	5.8	8.92	13.6	0.82

h = thickness of the soil; c and φ = cohesion and friction angle of soil, respectively; E_s = compression modulus; G_s = shear modulus; I_P = liquid limit; I_L = plastic limit; ν = Poisson’s ratio; r₀ = radius of pile; r_m = radial distance from the pile axes to a point where stress induced by the pile is negligible; δ = friction angle of the pile-soil interface; R_sf = failure ratio.