Global Seismic Fragility Functions for Low-Rise RC Frames with Construction Deficiencies

Table 2

Observed response and damage condition of Model-2 under significant runs.

Run (%)	Roof/1^st story displacement, inch (mm)	Roof/1^st story drift (%)	Base shear kips (kN)	Damage pattern
5	3.15 (79.97)	1.13	22.87 (101.72)	(i) It was observed that small flexural cracking was visible at the structural components, i.e., beam and column ends.; (ii) On the joint panel region of the ground level, hair-like cracks were also visible.
10	5.91 (150.23)	2.12	30.59 (135.82)	(i) The flexural cracks already developed at the beam and column member end were widened.; (ii) It was also observed that the joint panel region on the ground story level experienced aggravated cracks.; (iii) It was also observed that, during this run, the first-story level joint panel regions experienced moderate cracking in diagonal direction cracks with concrete cover detachment.; (iv) Some amount of concrete crushing at column ends of the ground level was also observed.
30	9.63 (244.57)	3.45	34.25 (152.33)	(i) The joint panel regions on the ground level and as well as on the first story level significantly enhanced and spread.; (ii) It was also observed that cracking of the first-level joint panel regions was severely damaged as compared with the ground joint levels.; (iii) The joints of the model during this run were severely damaged; however, damage to top-story joints was comparatively more than the ground story.