Review of the Geological Strength Index (GSI) as an Empirical Classification and Rock Mass Property Estimation Tool: Origination, Modifications, Applications, and Limitations

Table 2

Empirical models for rock mass deformation modulus.

S. no	Empirical model	Unit	Name of the researcher	Parameters	Year	References	Equation no.
1	, ,	GPa	Sonmez et al.	Ei, GSI, s, and a	2004	[86]	(24)
2	for	GPa	Hoek et al.	GSI, D, and	2002	[78]	(25)
3	for	GPa	Hoek et al.	GSI, D, and	2002	[78]	(26)
5		MPa	Hoek and Diederichs	GSI, D, and Ei	2006	[77]	(27)
6		MPa	Hoek and Diederichs	GSI and D	2006	[77]	(28)
7		GPa	Ván and Vasarhelyi	GSI, Ei, and A	2010	[87]	(29)
8		GPa	Beiki et al.	GSI and	2010	[88]	(30)
9	for	GPa	Palmström and Singh	and GSI	1998	[89]	(31)
10	, where	GPa	Sonmez et al.	Ei, GSI, and s	2004	[59]	(32)
11		GPa	Majdi et al.	GSI	2012	[90]	(33)
12		GPa	Majdi et al.	GSI	2012	[90]	(34)