FE Modeling for Bolted Wood Connection Using a Porous Constitutive Model

<div>Compression curves of confined compressed wood cylinders parallel to the grain: (a) equivalent stress versus change of void ratio; (b) the logarithmic bulk modulus versus change of void ratio.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 3

Figure 3: FE Modeling for Bolted Wood Connection Using a Porous Constitutive Model 