An Analytical Solution for the Frost Heaving Force considering the Freeze-Thaw Damage and Transversely Isotropic Characteristics of the Surrounding Rock in Cold-Region Tunnels

<div>Calculation model of the frost heaving force considering the transversely isotropic characteristics of surrounding rock. (a) Calculation model in the physical plane (z-plane). (b) Calculation model in the image plane (<i>ζ</i>-plane).</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 2

Figure 2: An Analytical Solution for the Frost Heaving Force considering the Freeze-Thaw Damage and Transversely Isotropic Characteristics of the Surrounding Rock in Cold-Region Tunnels 

Figure 2 | An Analytical Solution for the Frost Heaving Force considering the Freeze-Thaw Damage and Transversely Isotropic Characteristics of the Surrounding Rock in Cold-Region Tunnels 