A Comparative Study of Protective Schemes for Shield Tunneling Adjacent to Pile Groups

Table 3

Calculation parameters of bridge structure and materials.

Materials	Elastic modulus (kPa)	Poisson’s ratio	Density (kN/m^3)
Deck	2.7 × 10^7	0.22	23
Pier	4.6 × 10^7	0.2	24
Cap	5.7 × 10^7	0.18	25
Pile foundation	2 × 10^6	0.3	21
Lining	3.45 × 10^7	0.3	24
Shield	2.1 × 10^8	0.2	78
Grouting	4 × 10^5	0.3	22.5