Hybrid Finite-Discrete Element Modelling of Excavation Damaged Zone Formation Process Induced by Blasts in a Deep Tunnel

<div>The drill pattern for the TASQ tunnel (modified after Chirstiansson et al., 2005) [<a href="/journals/ace/2020/7153958/#B38">38</a>]: (a) top heading drill pattern; (b) the bench drill pattern.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 16

Figure 16: Hybrid Finite-Discrete Element Modelling of Excavation Damaged Zone Formation Process Induced by Blasts in a Deep Tunnel 