A Closed-Form Solution for the Analysis of Antifreeze Disease Fortification Length in a Permafrost Tunnel

Table 4

Physical parameters of air, soil mass, lining, and insulation layer.

Parameters	Air	Soil mass	Lining	Insulation layer
Specific heat capacity C (J/(kg·K))	1004	2465	1617	72
Thermal conductivity λ (W/(m·K))	0.02	1.650	1.655	0.03
Density ρ (kg/dm³)	0.627	2056	2400	40
Dynamic viscous coefficient μ (kg/(m·s))	1.85 × 10^−6	—	—	—