Research Article
Tunnel Back Analysis Based on Differential Evolution Using Stress and Displacement
Table 5
Results of back analysis on a segment-lined tunnel using displacement.
| Case | (GPa) | (MPa | (°) | Error rate (%): (I − B) ÷ B × 100 (%) | Average error rate (%) | Displacement (mm) | | | | |
| Reference | Input (I) | — | — | — | — | : true displacement observation. : trial displacement at convergence | 0.5 | 0.25 | 35.0 | |
| Case B-1 | Output (B) | 16.28 | −46.8 | −4.32 | 22.47 | Index | | | | | 0.43 | 0.47 | 36.6 | 1 | −2.6 | −1.5 | −2.8 | −1.7 | 2 | −2.7 | −2.1 | −2.9 | −2.3 | 3 | −2.4 | −2.4 | −2.7 | −2.7 | 4 | −2.1 | −2.7 | −2.3 | −3.0 | 5 | −1.5 | −2.6 | −1.7 | −2.8 |
| Case B-2 | 0.35 | 0.5 | 33.2 | 42.86 | −50.0 | 5.42 | 32.76 | 1 | −3.8 | −1.1 | −4.4 | −1.2 | 2 | −3.5 | −2.1 | −4.0 | −2.3 | 3 | −2.9 | −2.9 | −3.3 | −3.2 | 4 | −2.1 | −3.6 | −2.3 | −4.0 | 5 | −1.1 | −3.9 | −1.2 | −4.4 |
| Case B-3 | 0.36 | 0.5 | 33.1 | 38.89 | −50.0 | 5.74 | 31.54 | 1 | −3.3 | −2.2 | −3.8 | −2.8 | 2 | −3.3 | −2.7 | −3.9 | −3.3 | 3 | −3.0 | −3.0 | −3.7 | −3.7 | 4 | −2.7 | −3.2 | −3.3 | −3.9 | 5 | −2.2 | −3.2 | −2.7 | −3.8 |
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