Numerical Study on the Disturbance Effect of Short-Distance Parallel Shield Tunnelling Undercrossing Existing Tunnels

<div>Time history curve of tunnel arch crown settlement of left line of line 1 caused by excavation construction of line 5 (numerical results). (a) Right-line tunnelling. (b) Left-line tunnelling.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 4

Figure 4: Numerical Study on the Disturbance Effect of Short-Distance Parallel Shield Tunnelling Undercrossing Existing Tunnels 