Effect of Multiple Hole Distribution and Shape Based on Particle Flow on Rocklike Failure Characteristics and Mechanical Behavior

Figure 10

Distribution of contact forces before crack formation and after crack failure in vertical and horizontal orientation models (the black lines represent compressive stress. The red lines represent tensile stress. The dense and sparse lines represent the magnitude of stress. The yellow ellipse and yellow curve marked areas are compressive stress concentration areas, and the green ellipse marked areas are tensile stress concentration areas). (a) Contact force before crack formation and after crack failure of the vertical orientation model. (b) Contact force before crack formation and after crack failure of the horizontal orientation model.

(a)

(b)