Numerical Simulation on the Evolution of Mining-Induced Fracture Network in a Coal Seam and Its Overburden under the Top Coal Caving Method

Figure 9

Evolution of the fracture network in section plane 2 as the mining face advances: (a) 100 m from the mining face; (b) 50 m from the mining face; (c) at the mining face; (d) 50 m behind the mining face; (e) 100 m behind mining face; (f) 150 m behind mining face.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)