Seismic Analysis of Connections of Buried Continuous Pipelines

Figure 27

Maximum strain of L-shaped connection under different parameters: (a) Case L-1, II-site; (b) Case L-2, 30° branch angle; (c) Case L-3, 0.2191 m pipe diameter; (d) Case L-4, 30° incident angle.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)