Special Issue “Digital Twin Technology in the AEC Industry”

Table 3

Summary of the sustainable rating systems for building design (%).

Section	BREEAM (UK)	LEED (US)	Green Star (Australia)	SBTool	DGNB (Germany)	Green Globe (Canada)	HQE (France)	GBAS (China)
Management	11	10.1	9			5	12.5
Off-site environment					22.5			21
Economical quality				1.3	22.5
Sociocultural and functional				0.3	22.5
Technical quality					22.5
Process quality					10
Site selection				6.4		11.5
Indoor environment quality		18.8	17	2		16	12.5	18
Operation and maintenance				26.9			12.5
Service quality				4
Health and well-being	14
Energy	17	18.8	24	19		39	12.5	24
Transport	7		9	13.7
Water	5	7.3	11			11	12.5	20
Materials (resource)	11	21.7	16	8		12.5	12.5	17
Waste	7
Land use and ecology	9		5
Pollution	9
Emission			9	18.3		5	12.5
Implantation quality		20.3					12.5
Innovation	10	3
Total	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
Relevance to structural design	44	47.8	51	27	45	62.5	37.5	61