Key Factors Affecting the Deformation and Failure of Surrounding Rock Masses in Large-Scale Underground Powerhouses

Table 2

Statistics of deformation and failure of the surrounding rock mass in some large-scale underground powerhouses during construction [1–11].

Project name	Deformation and failure issues
Baihetan	Spalling and large deformation of the surrounding rock mass, collapse, and shotcrete layer cracks
Dagangshan	Dike collapse at the arch
Ertan	Rockburst, peeling off of the surrounding rock mass and circumferential cracks in the omnibus bar cave
Houziyan	Splitting, slabbing, and large deformation of the surrounding rock mass, bolt head caving in, ballooning, and cracking of the shotcrete layer
Jinping I	Spalling, splitting, bellying, and large deformation of the surrounding rock mass and shotcrete layer cracks
Jinping II	Rockburst and spalling
Laxiwa	Unstable block at the arch and circumferential cracks in the omnibus bar cave
Longtan	Bedding toppling deformation of the surrounding rock mass and bolt fracture
Pubugou	Rockburst and cracks at the rock anchor beam
Three Gorges	Tensile fracture and shear deformation of blocks
Xiaowan	Unstable blocks and cracks on the sidewall
Xiluodu	Potential sliding blocks