An Investigation into the Tunnel-Soil-Pipeline Interaction by In Situ Measured Settlements of the Pipelines

Figure 14

Variations in the settlements of the pipeline and the above ground surface with the construction time: (a) measured pipeline settlement at three monitoring points; (b) settlements at GS4-1 and surface; (c) settlements at GS4-2 and surface; (d) settlements at GS4-3 and surface.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)