How to Achieve Efficiency and Accuracy in Discrete Element Simulation of Asphalt Mixture: A DRF-Based Equivalent Model for Asphalt Sand Mortar

Table 3

Volumetric fractions of mixture components.

Gradation type	Volume fraction (%)
	Coarse aggregates	Asphalt sand mortar	Air voids
AC-13	54.18	41.82	4
AC-16	56.76	39.24	4
AC-20	60.20	35.80	4
SMA-13	68.37	27.63	4
SMA-16	69.23	26.77	4
SMA-20	70.95	25.05	4