Forecasting Disastrous Characteristics of Highway Landslides Using the Material Point Method: A Surcharge-Induced Perspective

Table 1

Physical and mechanical parameters of the soil.

Density (kg/m^3)	Modulus of elasticity (MPa)	Poisson’s ratio	Cohesion (kPa)	Internal friction angle (°)
2000	20	0.3	20	25