Analysis and Monitoring of Small-Scale Rock Fracture Zone Deformation and Shaft Failure in a Metal Mine

Table 1

Material parameters of the numerical model.

Material	Elastic modulus (GPa)	Poisson’s ratio	Density (kg/m^3)	Friction angle (°)	Cohesion (MPa)
Surrounding rock	61	0.26	3200	56	14.5
Ore body	77	0.26	3000	56.5	18.2
Backfill	3.02	0.15	2700	49.3	0.87
Fracture zones	0.06–0.08	0.13	2000	35	—