Application of Residual Shear Strength Predicted by Artificial Neural Network Model for Evaluating Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Spreading

Table 3

The average predicted and recorded lateral spreading for each case history.

Case	Site location	Earthquake event	PGA (g)	Effective stress (kPa)	Residual shear strength (kPa)	Yield acceleration (g)	Predicted lateral spreading (m)	Recorded lateral spreading (m)	Displacement ratio	Reference
1	Juvenile hall	San Fernando (1971)	0.7	86.56	5.80	0.06	1.72	1.5	1.15	Bennett [35]
2	Heber road	Imperial Valley (1979)	0.8	61.97	4.65	0.03	1.68	2.1	0.80	Castro [23]; Youd and Bennett [24]
3	Whiskey Springs fan	Borah Peak (1983)	0.6	107.41	8.38	0.023	1.50	0.75	2.00	Andrus and Youd [36]
4	Wildlife site	Superstition Hills (1987)	0.21	61.65	4.62	0.01	1.70	0.18	9.44	Holzer et al. [25]; Boulanger et al. [26]; Idriss and Boulanger [27]
5	Moss Landing Bldg. 4	Loma Prieta (1989)	0.25	63.73	10.90	0.11	0.05	0.28	0.18	Boulanger et al. [28]
6	Moss Landing Bldg. 3	Loma Prieta (1989)	0.25	84.03	16.05	0.10	0.07	0.25	0.28	Boulanger et al. [28]
7	MLML eastward (A-A)	Loma Prieta (1989)	0.25	71.87	8.19	0.08	0.11	0.45	0.24	Mejia [29]
8	MLML eastward (B-B)	Loma Prieta (1989)	0.25	139.86	15.94	0.14	0.02	0.45	0.04	Mejia [29]
9	Leonardini Farm	Loma Prieta (1989)	0.16	29.97	4.92	0.23	N.A.	0.25	N.A.	Charlie et al. [44]
10	Treasure Island	Loma Prieta (1989)	0.16	43.99	4.83	0.052	0.13	0.25	0.52	Power et al. [31]
11	Rudbaneh Town Canal	Manjil, Iran (1990)	0.15	232.52	27.30	0.05	0.70	1.0	0.70	Yegian et al. [39]
12	Balboa Blvd.	Northridge (1994)	0.85	109.12	16.37	0.16	0.64	0.5	1.28	Holzer et al. [41]
13	Wynne Ave	Northridge (1994)	0.51	124.28	18.64	0.168	0.16	0.15	1.07	Holzer et al. [41]; Olson and Johnson [2]; Idriss and Boulanger [27]
14	Wufeng site C (A-A)	Chi-Chi, Taiwan (1999)	0.81	80.18	5.45	0.09	2.43	2.05	1.19	Chu et al. [34]
15	Wufeng site C (B-B)	Chi-Chi, Taiwan (1999)	0.81	80.81	13.74	0.30	0.09	0.49	0.18	Chu et al. [34]
16	Wufeng site C1	Chi-Chi, Taiwan (1999)	0.81	76.79	11.90	0.12	1.41	1.24	1.14	Chu et al. [34]
17	Wufeng site B	Chi-Chi, Taiwan (1999)	0.81	67.64	5.41	0.06	4.38	2.96	1.48	Chu et al. [34]
18	Wufeng site M	Chi-Chi, Taiwan (1999)	0.81	59.83	6.58	0.15	0.84	1.62	0.52	Chu et al. [34]
19	Nantou Site N	Chi-Chi, Taiwan (1999)	0.42	30.59	5.49	0.11	0.27	0.25	1.08	Chu et al. [34]
20	Hotel Sapanca	Kocaeli, Turkey (1999)	0.4	35.77	5.34	0.055	1.40	2.0	0.70	Cetin et al. [33]
21	Police station	Kocaeli, Turkey (1999)	0.4	29.73	2.53	0.02	4.44	2.4	1.85	Cetin et al. [33]
22	Soccer field	Kocaeli, Turkey (1999)	0.4	43.48	3.05	0.125	0.20	1.2	0.17	Cetin et al. [33]
23	Yalova Harbor	Kocaeli, Turkey (1999)	0.3	82.03	12.71	0.11	0.30	0.3	1.00	Cetin et al. [33]