A Study of the Laws of Abnormal Gas Emissions and the Stability Controls for Coal Mine Walls in Deeply Buried High-Gas Coal Seams

Table 4

Liquid saturation in the gaps between particles and the corresponding liquid bridge shapes.

Liquid saturation	Liquid bridge shapes	Schematic diagrams	Physical mechanisms
0	—		No liquid bridge force between particles
S < 30%	Pendulum shape		Particles are connected by liquid bridges at the contact points; liquid bridges are thin
30% < S < 70%	Cable belt shape		Liquid bridges exist around the contact points; some particle gaps are filled with liquid resulting in increased adhesion
S > 70%	Capillary shape		Gap between particles is almost fully filled with liquid; surfaces of the liquid are sunken; attraction between particles is obviously increased
S > 100%	Slurry shape		Liquid pressure is equal to or greater than the air pressure; almost no adhesion exists between the particles