Numerical Investigation on Time-Dependent Deformation in Roadway

Table 2

Rock mass properties.

Rock unit	Rock material properties					Rock mass properties
	mi	Density (kg/m^3)	σci (MPa)	Poisson’s ratio (υ)	Ei (GPa)	RMR	GSI	C (MPa)	ϕ (°)	σt (MPa)	Emass, (GPa)
Sandstone	9	2690	85.8	0.22	18.6	72	67	3.45	42	0.79	12.5
Mudstone	9	2700	38.5	0.29	3.61	40	35	1.24	27	0.3	0.4
Coal	30	1420	7.0	0.39	5.0	35	30	0.98	24	0.15	0.50
Mudstone	16	2710	27.8	0.25	3.1	39	34	1.21	26	0.3	0.25
Sandstone	8	2680	62.5	0.21	12.8	65	60	2.85	40	0.51	8.9