Shaking Table Test on the Seismic Response of Buried Oil and Gas Pipelines under the Bidirectional Nonuniform Seismic Excitation

Figure 14

Transverse displacement curves of soils at different heights under uniform/nonuniform excitation. (a) Uniform E wave. (b) Uniform W wave. (c) Uniform R wave. (d) Nonuniform E wave. (e) Nonuniform W wave. (f) Nonuniform R wave.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)