Research on the Failure and Fracture Evolution of Mylonite with a Prefabricated Circular Opening by Discrete Element Method

Figure 3

Hoop stresses distribution on the opening wall: (a) λ = 1.00, (b) λ = 0.75, (c) λ = 0.33, and (d) λ = 0.25.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)