Optimization of Construction Parameters and Deformation Characteristics of Large-Section Loess Tunnel: A Case Study from Xi’an Metro

<div>Vault settlement characteristics. (a) Time-history curves of vault settlement. (b) Time-history curves of the change rate of vault settlement.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 18

Figure 18: Optimization of Construction Parameters and Deformation Characteristics of Large-Section Loess Tunnel: A Case Study from Xi’an Metro 