A Test Method for Creep Characteristics of Loess Based on the One-Dimensional Consolidator

Table 2

Failure modes of drilling holes under different vertical loads.

Load (kPa)	Pictures and introduction	Load (kPa)	Pictures and introduction
0		100
	Ring cutter size: height 60 mm and diameter 61.8 mm. Drilling size: 8 mm in diameter. Drill along the ring cutter diameter at 30 mm height to ensure smooth drilling.		After loading, the borehole did not change significantly.
200		300
	The surface of the borehole began to be uneven.		The surface of the borehole is obviously uneven. In the upper right part of the borehole, skin exfoliation first appeared. According to the image feedback, when the iron bar coated with vaseline is gently in contact with the surface of the borehole, soil particles can be found attached, which indicates that soil is damaged and dropped into the hole.
400		500
	The surface of the borehole is further roughened.		There was a large area of exfoliation on the drilling surface. The hole is flattened; that is, the hole circumference changes from circular to oval.
600		700
	There was a large area of exfoliation on the drilling surface.		There was a large area of exfoliation on the drilling surface.
800		The surface of the borehole peeled off in large area and gradually filled the whole borehole.