Deformation Law of the Diaphragm Wall during Deep Foundation Pit Construction on Lake and Sea Soft Soil in the Yangtze River Delta

Table 1

Physical and mechanical parameters of soft soil in three places.

Region	Numbering	Soil name	Distribution depth (m)	Natural water content (w/%)	Void ratio (e0)	Internal friction angle (φ/°)	Cohesion (c/kpa)	Plasticity index (ip)
Hangzhou	1	Muddy clay layer	6–10	38–58	1.0–1.6	9–15	9–17	13–23
		Silt, silty clay layer	5–8
	2	Muddy clay layer	2–10	32–46	0.9–1.3	8–18	8–22	10–18
		Clay and silty interlayer	3–4
Shanghai	3	Muddy silty clay	1.8–27	36–450	1.0–1.4	12–28	9–14	10–17
	4	Mucky clay	9.0–17.3	40–60	1.1–1.7	9–17	12–16	17–25
Ningbo	5	Muddy silty clay	3.2–16.4	34–51	1.0–1.4	7–28	8–34	9–17
	6	Mucky clay	2.2–16.5	38–58	1.1–1.5	6–14	8–33	20–24