|
| Evaluation indexes | Description | References |
|
| Financial perspective (B1) |
| Total capital input (C1) | Investment related to mine backfill including equipment, technology, professional technicians, and managers | Agrawal et al. [41] |
| Operational cost optimization (C2) | Optimization of expense items associated with operational activities | Lee et al. [42] |
| Profit variance (C3) | Comparison of actual profit and planned profit | Epstein et al. [24] |
|
| Stakeholders’ perspective (B2) |
| Mine owner satisfaction (C4) | Satisfaction degree of mine owner with financial and backfill operational management | Lin et al. [43] |
| Backfill vendor satisfaction (C5) | Satisfaction degree of backfill vendor with financial and empowerment | Moon et al. [11] |
| Regulatory satisfaction (C6) | Compliance with standards and rules from regulatory bodies | Modak et al. [44] |
|
| Internal process perspective (B3) |
| Mining-separation-backfill balance (C7) | Mining, separation, and backfill process remain closed-loop connection | Qi et al. [45] |
| Flexibility (C8) | Ability to adapt to environmental and market changes | Baatartogtokh et al. [3] |
| Communication and collaboration efficiency (C9) | Effectiveness of communication and collaboration among stakeholders | Tsai et al. [46] |
|
| Learning and growth perspective (B4) |
| Training and development (C10) | Improvement of employee’s capacity by training of expertise and skill | Modak et al. [44] |
| Technological innovation capability (C11) | Motivation and capacity to continuously improve technology | Khaleie et al. [48] |
| Knowledge sharing (C12) | Sharing knowledge and information associated with backfill activities among stakeholders | Tsai et al. [46] |
| Environmental perspective (B5) |
| Tailings utilization (C13) | Minimization of risk of environmental pollution through implementing backfill technology | Liu et al. [49] |
| Reduction of environmental impact (C14) | Percentage of tailings backfilled to underground voids | Qi et al. [45] |
|
| Social perspective (B6) |
| Employee accident (C15) | Occupational accident rate of employee | Zhao et al. [50] |
| Health of residents (C16) | Impact on community residents’ health condition | Liu et al. [51] |
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