Out-of-Plane Deformation Analysis of the Thin-Walled Closed Curved Box Girder under the Temperature Gradient

Table 4

Torque reaction forces near the midspan support under different cross-section shapes.

	Considering warpage (kN·m)				Ignoring warpage (kN·m)				Finite element result (kN·m)
Sectional dimension	l1 = 3 m	l1 = 4 m	l1 = 5 m	l1 = 6 m	l1 = 3 m	l1 = 4 m	l1 = 5 m	l1 = 6 m	l1 = 3 m	l1 = 4 m	l1 = 5 m	l1 = 6 m
l2 = 1 m	600	738	812	961	586	714	843	971	651	749	862	918
l2 = 1.5 m	818	991	1203	1400	830	1006	1182	1358	769	979	1235	1388
l2 = 2 m	907	1311	1593	1730	1079	1388	1525	1749	886	1285	1576	1651
l2 = 2.5 m	1475	1655	1898	2082	1331	1601	1872	2143	1499	1696	1998	1999
l2 = 3 m	1520	1857	2190	1980	1587	1903	2221	2540	1529	1790	2137	2061