Analysis of Ground Movement during Large-Scale Pipe Roof Installation and Artificial Ground Freezing of Gongbei Tunnel

Table 3

Material parameters of soil strata.

Soil stratum	Material model	Drainage type	Stiffness modulus			Hss
			E50 (MPa)	Eoed (MPa)	Eur (MPa)	γ0.7	G0 (MPa)
Fill	Hss	Drained	6	6	24	2e − 4	96
Clay and silt ③-1	Hss	Drained	2	2	8	2e − 4	32
Fine to coarse sand ③-3	Hss	Drained	10	10	40	2e − 4	160
Sandy clay and silt ④-3	Hss	Drained	3	3	12	2e − 4	48
Fine sand ⑤-2	Hss	Drained	13	13	52	2e − 4	208
Fine to coarse sand ⑥-2	Hss	Drained	15	15	60	2e − 4	240
Silty clay ⑦-1	Hss	Drained	5	5	20	2e − 4	80