Experimental Study and Effective Width Method for Cold-Formed Steel Lipped Channel Stud Columns with Holes

Figure 7

Buckling mode of specimen C9008-03-RH6-1. (a) Local buckling in the web. (b) Local buckling in the flange. (c) Local buckling in the lip. (d) Distortional buckling. (e) Local buckling of the plate strip adjacent to holes.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)