Investigation of Factors Influencing the Construction Safety of High-Speed Railway Stations Based on DEMATEL and ISM

Table 1

Construction safety risk factors and their interpretation.

Factor	Interpretation
Cognitive deficits R1	Managers and workers cannot recognize the possibility of safety accidents. Safety awareness is a prerequisite for operational safety.
Poor physical or mental health R2	Personality traits such as impulsiveness, emotional response, and carelessness. Physiological conditions such as illness and fatigue.
Illegal operations R3	During the construction process, the construction is not carried out according to the construction safety operation guidelines.
Unreasonable equipment selection and layout R4	The equipment model does not meet the needs of the project, the site layout is not conducive to the construction, and there are potential safety hazards.
Lack of equipment maintenance and overhaul R5	The equipment lacks daily maintenance and professional overhaul assessment.
Mechanical failure R6	During the construction process, for various reasons, equipment malfunctions, stops operating, and even causes chain accidents.
Numerous large-scale equipment cross-operations R7	The operations of large-scale mechanical equipment such as tower cranes and construction vehicles are complex.
Failure of construction monitoring equipment R8	Construction monitoring such as foundation pit monitoring, mass concrete pouring temperature monitoring, steel structure stress monitoring, and equipment monitoring fails or is performed incorrectly.
Unforeseeable natural factors R9	Earthquakes, typhoons, floods, and so forth occur.
Complex hydrogeological environment R10	The natural conditions of construction and harsh geological conditions may cause foundational engineering accidents.
Complex construction site environments R11	The combination of ventilation, lighting, temperature, humidity, noise, dust, and harmful gases affects the physical and psychological conditions of construction workers.
Imperfect safety management systems R12	Relevant safety regulations are lacking or unreasonable.
Incomplete safety disclosure R13	The construction leader does not train the direct production workers on safety operational rules and precautions before beginning the production operation.
Inadequate acceptance of key processes R14	As a necessary condition for the acceptance of a branch project, key process acceptance is an effective quality control measure that highlights the key points of supervision.
Inadequate supervision of safety behaviours R15	Leaders and management personnel at all levels do not sufficiently inspect and supervise the workplace to correct improper behaviour and ensure the safety of production.
Inadequate safety protection measures R16	The arrangement of devices to prevent operators from generating risks in the production process is not in place.
Errors in construction safety operational guidelines R17	Operational sequences and operational instructions are not specified in the method and safety regulations for technical operations.