Research Article
Developing a Low-Cost Safety Improvement Program for Intersections in an Urban Roadway Network: A Case Study
Table 1
CMF and cost of 15 safety countermeasures.
| No. | Safety countermeasures | CMF | Cost |
| 1 | Flashing red stop signs | 0.90 (total), 0.87 (target) | $1,700/sign | 2 | Flashing signal | 0.90 (total) | $15, 000/sign | 0.87 (target) |
| 3 | Transverse rumble strips | 0.72 (total) | $690 | 4 | Roundabout | 0.65 (total) | $1,500,000 | 5 | Double centerline and stop bars | 0.6 (total) | $1,250 | 6 | Warning signs | 0.85 (total) stop ahead | $100/sign | 0.87 (total) curve ahead | 7 | Lane diet | 0.91 (total) | $11.48/ft, (varies) | 8 | Guard rail | 0.96 (total) | $8, 000 | 9 | Median (concrete/delineator) | 0.14 (target) | $28,800 (concrete) | $5,250 (delineator) | 10 | Centerline rumble strips | 0.86 (total) | $1,200 | 0.79 (target) |
| 11 | Increase pavement friction | 0.76 (total) curve | $16.50/square yard | 0.8 (total), 0.58 (target): Braking |
| 12 | Signal phasing | 0.01 (target): protected left turn | $3,000 | 0.92 (total), delayed red signal | 0.93 (total), protected permissive left turn with flashing yellow arrow |
| 13 | Dedicated left turn lanes | 0.73 (total) | $10,332 | 14 | Positive left turn offsets | 0.62 (target) | $100,000 | 15 | No turn on red signs | 0.9375 (target) | $1,400 |
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